I think this basically just tests how heavy chromosomes/DNA-strands are. By that you can see how long they are. The many lines on the side are the reference-ladder.
The clear lines in the second pic indicate a very clean sample of similar length DNA, while the smears in the first indicate some form of contamination.
More here
Since I don’t think fungi have a social structure, those are sexes.
Humans have two Sexes but also gender expression, conflating those is how transphobes come to their views.